The roads constructed in mountainous regions of a country are known as hill roads or ghat roads.
These roads present great difficulty in their alignment, design, construction and maintenance. Curves, sharp bends, sleep gradients and limited width of roadway make hill roads more liable to accidents. Also the effects of heavy rainfall on the construction and maintenance of a hill road are serious. At many locations on the hill roads, the land slides and slips may occur during heavy rainfall. Therefore, much care is needed during their layout and construction so as to provide a stable and safe road. Moreover, a large number of streams cross the road and hence a suitable facility for cross drainage is needed.
The overall cost as well as cost per km length of a hill road is higher than that of a similar road in plains. The reason for this is that hill road construction involves difficult rock cutting, construction of more number drainage crossing and costly protective works like retaining walls, breast walls, parapet walls, drains, etc. which are specially needed for hill roads.
These roads present great difficulty in their alignment, design, construction and maintenance. Curves, sharp bends, sleep gradients and limited width of roadway make hill roads more liable to accidents. Also the effects of heavy rainfall on the construction and maintenance of a hill road are serious. At many locations on the hill roads, the land slides and slips may occur during heavy rainfall. Therefore, much care is needed during their layout and construction so as to provide a stable and safe road. Moreover, a large number of streams cross the road and hence a suitable facility for cross drainage is needed.
The overall cost as well as cost per km length of a hill road is higher than that of a similar road in plains. The reason for this is that hill road construction involves difficult rock cutting, construction of more number drainage crossing and costly protective works like retaining walls, breast walls, parapet walls, drains, etc. which are specially needed for hill roads.
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